Combustion & Energy

What is Combustion? Combustion is a chemical reaction that releases energy through heat and light.  Combustion is a chemical reaction between a fuel (such as wood, gas, or oil) and oxygen from the air. This reaction is exothermic, releasing energy (primarily as heat...

Physical vs Chemical Change

What is a Physical Change? A physical change affects a substance’s form or state, not its chemical identity. The molecules stay the same, but their arrangement or movement changes. No new substance is created. A physical change affects only physical properties (like...

Green Engineering: Save the Planet

How Green Engineering Works Green engineering uses technology to solve problems while protecting the environment. Engineers design machines, buildings, and products that use less energy and create less pollution. Renewable energy sources like solar panels, wind...

The Art and Science of 3D Printing

How 3D Printing Works 3D printing builds objects by stacking material layer by layer. 3D printing begins with a digital design created using specialized computer-aided design (CAD) software. The printer reads the design and “slices” it into hundreds or...

Engineering of Roller Coasters

How Roller Coasters Work Roller coasters rely on fundamental physics principles, including gravity, potential energy, and kinetic energy. Initially, a lift hill or launch provides the coaster with potential energy, a form of stored energy. As the coaster drops,...

Seeing, Sensing, Moving: Robots in Action

How Robots See the World Robots utilize specialized sensors and cameras to “see”  their surroundings. Robots use cameras, similar to the human eye, to capture images and videos. They also use LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) to bounce lasers off objects and create...

The Sunshine Vitamin

How We Get Vitamin D Your body makes Vitamin D with a little help from the sun. When sunlight hits your skin, it triggers a chemical reaction that produces Vitamin D. Vitamin D starts as an inactive form called 7-dehydrocholesterol in your skin. UVB rays from sunlight...

The Science of Color Vision

The Science Behind Color Vision Our eyes see color by detecting light and translating it into signals the brain understands. Light travels through the cornea, pupil, and lens, and is focused on the retina at the back of the eye. The retina contains two types of...

The Sneeze Reflex

The Science of Sneezing Sneezing is your body’s powerful way of protecting your airways from harmful irritants and getting rid of things that can make you sick or cause inflammation. A sneeze starts when something irritating — like dust, pollen, or pepper — enters...

The Science of Heat Transfer

Thermal Energy & Heat Transfer Thermal energy is the energy of moving particles; heat transfer is how that energy moves from hotter objects to cooler ones. All matter is made of constantly moving particles — the faster they move, the hotter the object. Heat always...
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