What is a Fossil? Fossils are preserved remains of plants and animals from prehistoric times. There are two main types of fossils: Body Fossils are the preserved remains of actual body parts of an organism, like bones, teeth, shells, and feathers. Trace Fossils are...

What is a Food Chain? A food chain shows how different organisms in an ecosystem depend on each other for food. It is a single path of energy flow in an ecosystem. Producers: The food chain starts with producers that make their own food. Plants and algae produce their...

Animals that Lay Eggs Animals that lay eggs are called “Oviparous.” The embryo develops inside the egg. Birds: All birds are oviparous, laying eggs with hard shells. The parents usually incubate the eggs until they hatch. Reptiles: Most reptiles, including snakes,...

Why do we need trees? We cannot sustain life on Earth without the presence of trees. Trees are valuable in a countless number of ways. Let’s look at some of the critical benefits of trees: Trees absorb carbon dioxide and release the oxygen we breathe through...

What is Gravity? Gravity is an invisible force that pulls objects towards each other. Earth’s gravity keeps us on the ground and makes things fall to the ground.  Gravity depends on Mass and Distance. Every object that has a mass also has gravity. The greater the...

How Do Birds Fly? Birds have special adaptations that help them fly. Wings: Birds’ wings are shaped like an airfoil, bigger up front and taper towards the back.  Air flows over and under a bird’s wings. The air on top pushes less on the wing than the air on the...

How do fish breathe? Fish breathe with the help of gills, specialized organs to take in oxygen from water.  Step 1: Fish open their mouth and take in water Step 2: The water flows over the gills on either side of its face. Step 3: The gills have thin filaments called...

What is a Rainforest?  Rainforests are lush, green forests in tropical regions near the Equator. They receive plenty of rainfall year-round.  More than half of the world’s plant and animal species live in the rainforests. Rainforests consist of 4 layers:  Emergent...

What is a Human Body System? A human body system is a group of organs and body parts that work together to perform specific functions.  Some of these systems interact with each other to carry out certain tasks.  There are 11 major human body systems. Let’s dive in and...