The Skeletal System

Guiding Questions

• What is the skeletal system?
• What are the components of the skeletal system?
• What are the functions of the skeletal system?
• Why adults have less bones than children?
• What are some common diseases related to the skeletal system?

 

Overview

Have you ever seen the poles of a tent? Without poles, the tent would collapse and lose its shape. 

The skeletal system works in a similar manner. It gives the body structure and support. Along with this, it also protects organs and works closely with the muscular system so the body can move properly. Without the skeletal system, the body would not be able to move, stand, or stay protected.

 

Main Components of the Skeletal System

The skeletal system is made up of various components that protect and support the body. Major parts of this system include:

1. Bones

• • Bones are the main component of the skeletal system. They provide a framework that gives shape and structure to the body. Additionally, they protect vital organs, including the brain and lungs. they also store important minerals like phosphorus and calcium.

1. Joints

• • Joints are areas where two or more bones meet. They contribute towards the body’s movement.

1.  Cartilage

• • Cartilage acts as a cushion at the end of bones. This smooth, flexible tissue helps reduce friction at the joints and allows the bones to glide smoothly.

1. Ligaments

• • Ligaments are bands of connective tissue that connect bones to other bones. They stabilize the joints and prevent excessive movement.

 

Functions of the Skeletal System

• The skeletal system provides support and structure for the body.
• It protects many organs, such as the brain and vertebral column. For example, the skull protects the brain.
• It enables movement by working closely with the muscular system.
• Bones can produce red blood cells and store minerals for the body.

 

Common Diseases

Some diseases can disturb the skeletal system. Common ones include:

• • Osteoporosis: a condition where bones lose mass quickly, hence becoming weaker and being prone to break
  • Arthritis: pain and stiffness caused by inflammation of the joints

• Fractures: breaks or cracks in the bones, generally caused by injuries or stress on the bone

It is important to take care of the body as many injuries directly affect the skeletal system.

 

Why do children have more bones than adults ?

Newborn children have approximately 300 bones, while adults only have 206. As children grow to become adults, some bones and cartilages fuse together to become stronger and larger bones. This process is known as ossification. 

 

Review

What system provides structure and support for the body? → Skeletal system

What connects bones to other bones? → Ligaments

What tissue cushions joints and reduces friction? → Cartilage

Which system works closely with the skeletal system to allow movement? → Muscular system

 

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